Db3 =employee compensation and benefit Research Paper

Db3 =employee pay and advantage - Research Paper Example This is ascribed to the way that once representatives are acquainted with the motivating force programs, there would be an interest to expand the estimation of the motivators after some time. Much of the time, an association may not be in a situation to build the estimation of the motivations therefore constraining the viability of this specific social change device. Presentation of the motivation framework may have both negative and positive effects on an association culture. For example, Hope and Fraser (2003) bring up that the system may expand representative intensity in an association and simultaneously increment unwavering quality of motivating forces to impact execution. There are restricted long haul advantages of actualizing motivations programs. With expanding request on expanding the estimation of motivations, an association might be confronted with expanded consumption and representative clash in a drawn out premise. Bratton and Gold (2007) notwithstanding, bring up that an organization’s culture may profit by the expanding level of seriousness of the worker as far as expanded yield. It is an undeniable supposition that once an impetus program is actualized, it would be a significant difficulty if the program is withdrawn. Workers in an association may have a mental idea dependent on dependence on motivating forces for execution. Expectation and Fraser (2003) contend this would adversely influence the employees’ approach on

A Time Series Analysis of the Adjusted Closing Stock Prices

Chapter by chapter guide 1. ?Presentation 2. ?writing audit 3. ?Presentation 4. ?System INTRODUCTION Google Inc. is an American worldwide enterprise which gives Internet-related items and administrations, including Internet search, distributed computing, programming and publicizing advancements. The organization was established by Larry Page and Sergey Brin while both went to Stanford University. Google was first joined as a secretly held organization on Septemberâ 4, 1998, and its first sale of stock followed on Augustâ 19, 2004. The organization is presently recorded on the NASDAQ stock trade under the ticker image .The organization's statement of purpose from the beginning was â€Å"to arrange the world's data and make it generally available and useful†, and the organization's informal motto is â€Å"Don’t be evil†. In 2006, the organization moved to its present base camp in Mountain View, California. Goals 1. To fit a numerous relapse model to an informatio nal collection involving the put, call and strike costs of a stock having a place with an organization recorded on a known list. 2. To utilize the BSM Model to which gives a numerical science to the estimating and supporting of European Call and Put alternatives as the American Options showcase 3.We needed to investigate the information at Google choice costs from the S;P list over the at various times timeframes so as to have the option to gauge what's to come. Writing Review 1. Put call equality In monetary science, putâ€call equality characterizes a connection between the cost of an European call alternative and European put choice in a frictionless market â€both with the indistinguishable strike cost and expiry, and the fundamental being a fluid resource. Without liquidity, the presence of a forward agreement suffices.Putâ€call equality requires insignificant presumptions and along these lines doesn't require suppositions, for example, those of Blackâ€Scholes or othe r regularly utilized budgetary models. 2. Dark Scholes Model The Blackâ€Scholes model or Blackâ€Scholes-Merton is a scientific model of a money related market containing certain subsidiary speculation instruments. From the model, one can conclude the Blackâ€Scholes equation, which gives the cost of European-style choices. The recipe prompted a blast in choices exchanging and legitimized experimentally the exercises of the Chicago Board Options Exchange and different choices showcases around the globe. t is generally utilized by alternatives showcase members Methodology The information being examined comprised of day by day past costs of silver exchanged on the S;P record since fourteenth May to 22 September 2012. The gathering was required to acquire informational indexes containing put, call and strike costs the informational collection of alternative lapsing in over 30 days however under 100 The information was gotten from marketwatch. com on fourteenth May 2012 replicate d to exceed expectations and imported to R, with the stock cost at $605. 23. The gathering picked choices lapsing on 22th September 2012 for the first informational index, with 94 days to expiry.An normal of the Bid and Ask costs of both the call and put alternatives was then determined as demonstrated as follows. The qualities in the segments named â€Å"call†; â€Å"put â€Å"were determined as a normal of the relating Bid ; Ask call and put costs individually. Various measurable techniques were applied to investigate the information on the R program. We previously began by bringing in the information to the R program; underneath is a table demonstrating the information. Strike | call| put| Strikesq| Adj Close| 295| 311. 75| 0. 45| 87025| 605. 23| 300| 306. 45| 0. 425| 90000| 613. 66| 305| 303. 1| 0. 45| 93025| 609. 15| 310| 297. 6| 0. 75| 96100| 612. 79| 315| 291. 4| 0. 5| 99225| 607. 55| 320| 286. 6| 0. 55| 102400| 596. 97| 325| 282. 75| 0. 6| 105625| 611. 02| 330| 277. 85| 0. 65| 108900| 607. 26| 335| 273. 4| 0. 775| 112225| 604. 43| 340| 266. 6| 0. 7| 115600| 604. 85| 345| 262. 1| 0. 75| 119025| 614. 98| 350| 256. 7| 0. 8| 122500| 615. 47| 355| 253. 3| 0. 875| 126025| 609. 72| 360| 248. 35| 0. 875| 129600| 601. 27| 365| 243. 45| 0. 925| 133225| 597. 6| 370| 237. 35| 1| 136900| 596. 06| 375| 232. 4| 1. 05| 140625| 599. 3| 380| 227. 45| 1. 05| 144400| 607. 45| 385| 222. 55| 1. 2| 148225| 609. 57| 390| 218. 85| 1. 325| 152100| 606. 7| 395| 212. 45| 1. 45| 156025| 624. 6| 400| 207. 9| 1. 525| 160000| 651. 01| 405| 202. 95| 1. 6| 164025| 635. 96| 410| 198. 15| 1. 65| 168100| 626. 86| 415| 193. 15| 1. 825| 172225| 630. 84| 420| 188. 4| 2. 025| 176400| 632. 32| 425| 183. 6| 2. 25| 180625| 635. 15| 430| 180| 2. 375| 184900| 642. 62| 435| 175. 25| 2. 55| 189225| 646. 92| 440| 170. 3| 2. 9| 193600| 641. 24| 445| 164. 6| 3. 025| 198025| 648. 41| 450| 160. 9| 3. 3| 202500| 655. 76| 455| 155. 15| 3. 55| 207025| 647. 02| 460| 150. 6| 3. 85| 211600| 649. 33| 4 65| 146. 8| 4. 05| 216225| 642. 59| 470| 141. 15| 4. 55| 220900| 646. 05| 75| 137. 65| 4. 95| 225625| 639. 98| 480| 132. 05| 5. 35| 230400| 633. 49| 485| 128. 5| 5. 8| 235225| 633. 98| 490| 123. 45| 6. 2| 240100| 625. 04| 495| 118. 65| 6. 75| 245025| 621. 13| 500| 114. 1| 7. 4| 250000| 615. 99| 505| 110. 75| 7. 95| 255025| 617. 78| 510| 105. 65| 8. 5| 260100| 605. 15| 515| 101. 35| 9. 45| 265225| 600. 25| 520| 98| 10. 25| 270400| 607. 14| 525| 93. 15| 11. 1| 275625| 606. 8| 530| 89. 55| 11. 95| 280900| 604. 96| 535| 85. 15| 13. 05| 286225| 614. 25| 540| 80. 6| 14. 15| 291600| 621. 25| 545| 76. 85| 15. 3| 297025| 622. 4| 550| 72. 9| 16. 35| 302500| 618. 25| 555| 69. 5| 17. | 308025| 618. 39| 560| 66. 05| 19. 2| 313600| 609. 31| 565| 62. 8| 20. 75| 319225| 609. 9| 570| 59. 15| 22. 45| 324900| 606. 11| 575| 56. 5| 24. 05| 330625| 607. 94| 580| 52. 75| 26| 336400| 614| 585| 49. 7| 27. 85| 342225| 604. 64| 590| 46. 7| 29. 6| 348100| 606. 52| 595| 43. 9| 31. 9| 354025| 605. 56| 600| 40. 9 5| 34. 35| 360000| 609. 76| 605| 38. 45| 36. 7| 366025| 612. 2| 610| 36. 1| 38. 85| 372100| 605. 91| 615| 33. 55| 41. 35| 378225| 611. 46| 620| 31. 05| 44. 15| 384400| 609. 85| 625| 29. 5| 46. 9| 390625| 606. 77| 630| 27. 35| 49. 75| 396900| 609. 09| 635| 25. 3| 52. 95| 403225| 596. 33| 40| 23. 2| 56| 409600| 585. 11| 645| 21. 6| 59. 2| 416025| 580. 83| 650| 19. 95| 62. 65| 422500| 580. 11| 655| 18. 6| 66. 15| 429025| 577. 69| 660| 16. 85| 70. 1| 435600| 579. 98| 665| 15. 6| 73. 95| 442225| 568. 1| 670| 14. 4| 77. 55| 448900| 569. 49| 675| 13. 3| 81. 35| 455625| 580. 93| 680| 12. 25| 85. 55| 462400| 585. 52| 685| 11. 05| 88. 25| 469225| 585. 99| 690| 10. 05| 93. 4| 476100| 639. 57| 695| 9. 55| 96. 45| 483025| 632. 91| 700| 8. 45| 102. 25| 490000| 628. 58| 705| 7. 75| 105. 25| 497025| 624. 99| 710| 7. 1| 110. 65| 504100| 629. 64| 715| 6. 75| 114. 75| 511225| 625. 96| 720| 5. 95| 119. 5| 518400| 623. 14| 725| 5. 65| 122. 65| 525625| 622. 46| 730| 5. 05| 128. 5| 532900| 650. 02| 735| 4 . 55| 131. 95| 540225| 659. 01| 740| 4. 25| 137. 6| 547600| 668. 28| 745| 3. 95| 142. 35| 555025| 665. 41| 750| 3. 5| 147| 562500| 645. 9| 755| 3. 25| 151. 7| 570025| 642. 4| 760| 2. 975| 155. 95| 577600| 639. 7| 765| 2. 725| 161. 4| 585225| 640. 25| 770| 2. 525| 166. 45| 592900| 633. 14| 775| 2. 2| 169. 9| 600625| 629. 7| 780| 2. 125| 174. 75| 608400| 625. 82| 785| 1. 975| 180. 55| 616225| 630. 37| 790| 1. 775| 185. 45| 624100| 621. 83| 795| 1. 65| 190. 35| 632025| 625. 96| 800| 1. 525| 195. 15| 640000| 619. 4| 810| 1. 35| 205. 05| 656100| 618. 07| 820| 1. 175| 214. 95| 672400| 625. 63| 830| 0. 975| 224. 75| 688900| 625. 39| 840| 0. 825| 234. 95| 705600| 627. 42| 850| 0. 725| 244| 722500| 616. 05| 860| 0. 65| 254. 25| 739600| 623. 39| 870| 0. 525| 265| 756900| 623. 77| 880| 0. 475| 274. 55| 774400| 625. 65| 890| 0. 425| 284. 6| 792100| 620. 36| 900| 0. 375| 293. 45| 810000| 613. 77| 910| 0. 375| 304. 7| 828100| 599. 39| 920| 0. 3| 314. 45| 846400| 582. 93| 930| 0. 3| 323. 3| 864900 | 588. 19| 940| 0. 275| 333. 25| 883600| 563| 950| 0. 25| 343. 25| 902500| 570. 11| 960| 0. 25| 353. 25| 921600| 580| 970| 0. 25| 363. 25| 940900| 580. 94| Fitting a Multiple relapse Model From the outcomes appeared? 0=605. 997, ? 1=0. 995, ? 2= - 0. 9979. The estimation of the stock by then wasSt=605. 23. On the off chance that critical, the gauge ? 2 was to be compared to - e-r (T-t) and the incentive for r likened. In this recipe, T-t is the opportunity to expiry of the choices (94 days for our situation) and r is the enthusiasm every day (short rate), which was then expected to be annualized. Since all the appraisals were noteworthy, ? 2= - 0. 9979=-e-r(94) r=-ln0. 997994=2. 236391*10-5 Annualizing r; r=2. 236391*10-5*250=0. 05592275=5. 2275%, which is the hazard. The equation call(Ct)= 605. 997+0. 995put(Pt)- 0. 9979(Strike(Kt)) was the model we used to infer estimations of call costs corresponding to the various relapse model. A plot of these call and strike choices is demonst rated as follows; If critical, the gauge ? 2 was to be compared to - e-r (T-t) and the incentive for r likened. In this recipe, T-t is the opportunity to expiry of the choices (94 days for our situation) and r is the enthusiasm consistently (short rate), which was then expected to be annualized. Technique FOR FITTING Finally we drew a diagram of Call against Strike and this was the chart obtained.The code and coming about chart are demonstrated as follows, GRAPH FOR CALL AGAINST STRIKE BSM MODEL METHODS To fit the BSM Model and produce hypothetical call costs, we got and shortened authentic information from money. yippee. com as appeared in the segment named ‘Adj. Close’ The code preview underneath made a capacity â€Å"BSM73† We at that point processed the BSM73 by utilizing the given the information, annualized loan fee (r), stock value, strike cost and days to development creates the hypothetical call costs. The proposed model to be fitted to fit the relapse m odel CtSt= ? 0+? 1KSt+? 2K2St+ ? t principle reason for existing is in order to decide the estimations of ? ,? 1 ; ? 2 Procedure From the outcomes appeared, we get ? 0=1. 313950 , ? 1=-1. 959886, ? 2= 0. 001195. The estimation of the stock by then was St=605. 23. PLOT BSM CALL PRICE (Yt) AGAINST STRIKE PRICES For information examination led for September 2012 choices with

How to Avoid Another Alcohol Relapse

How to Avoid Another Alcohol Relapse Addiction Alcohol Use Withdrawal and Relapse Print How to Avoid Another Alcohol Relapse By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on November 20, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD on November 20, 2019 PhotoXpress.com More in Addiction Alcohol Use Withdrawal and Relapse Binge Drinking Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery If you have tried to quit drinking or using drugs but had a relapse, you are not alone. Statistics suggest that up to 80% of people who try to quit have at least one relapse before achieving long-term sobriety.?? In some cases, it may only be a momentary lapse which we, in recovery circles, refer to as a slip. It differs from a full-blown relapse in that the person immediately regrets the action. It may be the result of something that happened on the spur of the moment or when the persons focus was somehow shaken. But, it is ultimately characterized by the fact that the individual wants to correct the mistake immediately. By contrast, a relapse suggests that a person has fallen back into old behaviors. It is most often used to describe when a person who has been sober for some time returns to alcohol or drugs and is less able to stop. Reasons for Slips and Relapses In some cases, people will slip because they dont have the tools to overcome certain emotional situations. They may have had a horrible day and use that as a justification to start drinking again. Alternately, they may be overwhelmed by cravings that frequently occur during early recovery.?? In other cases, people will use alcohol or drugs to punish those around them for pushing them back into old behaviors. It allows the individual to put the blame on someone else rather than acknowledging the addiction is an issue of its own. The main point about a slip is that the sense of regret is almost immediate. The problem arises when the slip turns into a full-blown relapse and the total abandonment of ones sobriety. When this happens, the ability to turn things around becomes increasingly difficult for several reasons: Once a person starts to drink or use drugs again, his or her ability to make rational decision decreases.The persons motivation for sobriety was probably low in the first place, making it even more difficult to reapproach recovery a second time.The relapse will often confirm to the individual that he or she cant overcome the addiction.Those who supported the recovery in the first place may be less willing to do so the second time around.Some people will fool themselves into thinking that they can achieve sobriety again when things are better, and they are in a stronger place.Others will convince themselves that they need to hit rock bottom in order to fully commit to sobriety, failing to understand that it is simply a ploy to buy time and perpetuate the same behaviors. How to Deal With a Slip or Relapse The best way to prevent a slip from becoming a relapse is to act immediately. It is something you cannot do alone, and the seriousness of the slip should never be downplayed by you or those around you. However serious or minor the slip may have been, it is a clear sign that something is wrong and that there are issues that need to be addressed so that the slip doesnt happen again. It is not enough to commit to quit; you need to explore the reasons behind the slip and to understand what triggered it in the first place. Without some serious soul-searching, you will be less able to avoid another slip should the same issue return.?? In the end, there is no benefit to feeling guilty about the slip. What matters is that you take it seriously and acknowledge that it is a mistake from which you have something to learn. On the other hand, if you have experienced a relapse and have now recommitted to recovery, there are several things to remember:?? Instead of feeling guilty, redouble your effort to achieve and maintain sobriety.The fact that you are recommitting means that you understand the depth of your addiction.Instead of feeling shame about your mistakes, look at them squarely and identify what you need to do to avoid making them again.Do not feel like youve lost everything and gone back to day one. Everything we do in life informs our recovery is moving forward. A person who has been sober for several days often experiences sobriety in a more profound way than someone who has been sober for years. Use that feeling to move your recovery forward. And, most importantly, remind yourself that the only true failure is giving up on yourself. Do not give up.

The Man I Killed By Tim O Brien - 992 Words

War is known to be complex and confusing. It is also known to be completely chaotic and unpredictable. This is made clear in the short story The Man I Killed taken from Tim O Brien s war novel The Things They Carried. Set during the Vietnam war, American Soldier Tim O Brien is strongly affected by an unpredictable event. In The Man I Killed we consider how O Brien was heavily affected and shocked after killing a young Vietnamese soldier and the randomness of killing in war. We also take a look at how the author plays with truth and non-fiction in his story telling. When passing on foot through the village of My Khe, soldier O Brien instinctively threw a grenade and killed a young Vietnamese soldier. Taken back by the event, his character is isolated in still time, entangled in a state of shock. Through his confusion and guilt, O Brien s strong narrative and protagonist presence fades to the background as he fixates on the life of his victim. He vividly describes the dead soldier, focusing on his physical characteristics and the wounds that were inflicted upon him. O Brien s way of describing the young man, â€Å"His clean black hair was swept up into a cowlick, his forehead was lightly freckled, his finger nails clean, his right cheek was smooth and hairless† (139), makes the anonymous soldier more personal. His choice of descriptive words help to view the soldier as a real person not simply a defeated enemy. As another way of coping with his feelings, O Brien imaginesShow MoreRelatedThe Man I Killed, By Tim O Brien1580 Words   |  7 PagesTo kill a man is to take away everything he has, and ever will have; and in War, death is inescapable. Vietnam War veteran Tim O’Brien was drafted to fight in the War in 1969 and states in the book as his â€Å"character/narrator† self that he attempted an escape to Canada out of fear. But the stronger fear of people being ashamed of him took over and had him turning back to home to enlist in the U.S. Army. O’Brien published The Things They Carried in 1990 and explored the physical and mental realms ofRead MoreTim O Brien s The Man I Killed 897 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Vietnam War, Tim O’Brien failed to share any stories from his experiences in Vietnam. Finally he decided to write a book that he titled, The Things They Carried, in 1990 where he details all of the struggles he experienced after being drafted into the Vietnam War. In chapter twelve, â€Å"The Man I Killed,† O’Brien details Tim’s uncertainty after killing his fi rst Viet Cong soldier. As the soldier lay on the ground physically destroyed by a grenade that once resided in Tim’s hand, Tim could not lookRead MoreThe War Is Wrong, By Tim O Brien1075 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"If I truly believe the war is wrong, is it then also wrong to go off and kill people? If I do that, what will happen to my soul?† (pg 60). Tim O Brien is an American man who was drafted into the Vietnam War. O Brien is not a violent man and struggles because he believes that the war is wrong. He debates whether or not he should go to war or move to Canada to avoid the draft. Tim O Brien decides to join the army. O Brien uses his personal experiences as a foot soldier in the Vietnam War to conveyRead MoreAnalysis Of Tim O Brien s Love 768 Words   |  4 Pagesfor Tim O Brien, he had some very interesting things that happened to him. Tim O Brien gained many friendships serving in the Vietnam war. He first became good friends with Lieutenant Jimmy Cross. In Love Tim goes to met Jimmy at his home in Massachusetts. They had talked about the events that took place during the war, and Jimmy s guilt over Ted Lavender s death. Another friendship that is important to Tim was Kiowa, in The Man I Killed Kiowa is constantly trying to get Tim to talkRead MoreAnalysis Of Tim O Brien s Love 768 Words   |  4 Pagesfor Tim O Brien, he had some very interesting things that happened to him. Tim O Brien gained many friendships serving in the Vietnam war. He first became good friends with Lieutenant Jimmy Cross. In Love Tim goes to met Jimmy at his home in Massachusetts. They had talked about the events that took place during the war, and Jimmy s guilt over Ted Lavender s death. Another friendship that is important to Tim was Kiowa, in The Man I Killed Kiowa is constantly trying to get Tim to talkRead More OBrien and Fossie in The Things They Carried Essay862 Words   |  4 Pagesis an exemplary Bildungsroman as it carries the reader through the lives and problems of every soldier within its pages. Each man is witnessed as he goes through his own maturation and personal times of struggle and hardships. Some are focused on more than others, but each man has a story to tell, each a moral to teach. Throughout The Things They Carried, both Tim O?Brien and Mark Fossie experience a significant amount of personal maturation by gaining new knowledge about themselves, the VietnamRead MoreReaction to The Things They Carried by Tim OBrien1706 Words   |  7 Pages In The Things They Carried, Tim O Brien uses a variety of stories to explain the life experiences that he and many of his fellow soldiers endured during a single year in Vietnam. He tells these stories in a way that we can connect to these experiences. We never spent time in Vietnam, but O Brien wants us to feel like we were there. O Brien uses what he calls story-truth to write these stories. The outcome or the people may be different but the feeling is real; that s the truth in the storyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The Things They Carried 1734 Words   |  7 Pageswar stories.( New York Times, Book of the Century). Tim O Brien, the author of the book is both the narrator and the protagonist of the book. As, he himself is present in the war and also tells different stories told by the member of the alpha company. O Brien use of storytelling along with theme is the part of the book which makes it more realistic and effective, which is the ultimate point and purpose of the author. O Brien believes that stories have immense power, they gain theRead MoreAnalyzing The Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1539 Words   |  7 PagesProfessor Neary 3/27/2014 Summarizing and Analyzing of â€Å"The Things They Carried† The book â€Å"The Things They Carried† is written by Tim O’Brien, the author of â€Å"In The Lake Of The Woods† and â€Å"Tomcat In Love.† In this book, O’Brien tells the details of the Vietnam war as a form of storytelling. He includes several characters in it such as Tim O’Brien, Jimmy Cross, Mitchell Sanders, Henry Dobbins, Ted Lavender and so on. He starts with the primary character, Lieutenant Jimmy CrossRead MoreThe Things They Carried : Writing Task1107 Words   |  5 PagesThe Things They Carried - Writing Task By Charlie Evans – Word Count: 1099 Storytelling is the interactive art of using words and actions to reveal the elements and images of a story while encouraging the reader’s imagination. Tim O’Brien the author of the novel The Things They Carried demonstrates storytelling to maximise the significance of story truth versus happening truth and the focus on emotion and feeling, not the events. These main ideas O’Brien displays is reinforced through the choices

The, The And, And Artist, Georgia O Keefee, By Edgar...

It is common to perceive artists of any kind as more eccentric than the general population. An artist must be able to see the world in ways most would not be able to. However, this attribute has been connected socially and scientifically with â€Å"madness†. The idea of the â€Å"tortured artist† dates back to 4th century B.C., prompting Plato, the ancient Greek philosopher, to write â€Å"Madness, provided it comes as the gift of heaven, is the channel by which we receive the greatest blessings†¦. madness comes from God, whereas sober sense is merely human† ( Plato’s Phaedrus). This association between madness and greatness quickly became popular, with many famous â€Å"mad geniuses† fueling the assertion. The list of afflicted artists is staggering, and†¦show more content†¦1292). However, this study, being the first of it’s kind, came with its limitations. Andreason had started out looking for a connection between schizophren ia and creativity. She believed since schizophrenia often led to unusual perceptions, this would increase creativity. Her findings in this area went against her hypothesis. She examined that most schizophrenics she studied did not exhibit enough mental stability to produce original ideas, rather purely bizarre ones. In fact, she believed that mental impairments associated with schizophrenia inhibited one’s creative abilities. While I see her point in this, I know that schizophrenia affects individuals on a spectrum. Therefor, in certain cases, I believe more research can be done on this aspect. Andreason also only studied writers, which can not hardly account for the wide span of creative fields. But, she did make headway with the assertion of a true biological connection between creativity and a mental disorder. This got the ball rolling in the scientific community, prompting more researchers to explore the link. Dr. Alice Flaherty of Harvard Medical School wrote a paper in 2005 expounding upon the link between creativity and mental illness. I found his paper intriguing, due to his delving into the mind of a schizophrenics as well as those with

Letter To Kenya Airways Papa Nestor And Mama Marie Free Essays

Congo believe you would not be being socially responsible in any sense, but would be complicit in any harm that would come to them. Papa Nester Will be 70 years of age in November 2011 and Mama Marie is 63 years old. Their immediate family here in the UK fear for their lives if they are returned to DRY. We will write a custom essay sample on Letter To Kenya Airways Papa Nestor And Mama Marie or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Home Office Policy states that it is the decision of the carrier as to whether they carry people who are being forcibly removed. In view of this I urge you not to allow Papa Nester and Mama Marie to embark upon the flight QUOI on Kenya Airways today Monday the 11th of April 201 1 at 20:00 hrs. Since 2003 Papa Nester and Mama Marie have been living in the UK and have a loving and sustained relationship with their son and their daughter, their respective families, their 10 grandchildren and one great grandchild born on 29/03/11 whom they may never see if returned to the DRY Congo. Having both fled the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRY) because of the persecution that Papa Nester suffered due to his participation in political activities as an active member Of the Union for Democracy and Social Progress (SIDES) they sought and have been refused refuge here in the UK. Papa Nester has also participated in various Congolese Resistance groups in the K, such as Prepare (Alliance des Patriot’s pour la Reformation du Conch), CRY (Congolese Resistance Council) with whom he has attended various demonstrations. If this information is known to the authorities then they fear for their life as there are often reprisals for such actions by the Government in the DRY. The fact that the DRY government could easily arrest and kill members of UDP, Prepare or CRY means that Papa Nester and Mama Marie face clear and present danger if they are returned to DRY. If this planned removal goes ahead then their family seriously doubt that they will ever be able to see their parents and grandparents again as their health is not good and it is thought that following the recent death in February of this year of their beloved son in the DRY and the stress of this removal they may both deteriorate rapidly. Since the untimely death of their son they have spent time in Slough with their daughter trying to recover from what is a difficult period in both their lives. To lose a parent is hard but for a parent to lose a child as a parent is often unbearable! Coupled with this is the fact that without the access they need to not only the support of their immediate family but also to the practical support they are offered by the health and care services here they will be unable to survive in the environment which currently exists within the DRY for older people. Having their parents sent to DRY is not something that their children want as both their son and daughter and their families are willing and ready to support them fully and take them into their homes and have them living with them without the need for recourse to public funds. We the undersigned now ask your company to act as a socially expansible organization and keep Papa Nester and Mama Marie safe in the UK within the loving bosom of her family. How to cite Letter To Kenya Airways Papa Nestor And Mama Marie, Papers

Company Law Shafron v ASIC Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Company Law Shafron v ASIC. Answer: Introduction Peter James Shafron v Australian Securities and Investments Commission (2012) HCA 18; 286 ALR 612 is amongst the leading cases of present times which sets out an example of what happens when the directors or the key officers of the company, fail to fulfil their obligations covered under the Corporations Act, 2001 (Cth), particularly the ones given in Part 2D.1 (Paolini, 2014). This part covers the duties and responsibilities of directors and other officers of the company. This case was the one in which the court held that there had been contravention of the provisions of this act and so Shafron was made liable. The case became famous as the same was brought to the attention of the world after the scandal of James Hardie. The appeal made by Shafron had also been rejected by the High Court, whereby the decision of the Court of Appeal was deemed as the correct one and hence upheld (Jacobson, 2012). This discussion would elucidate this case in an IRAC based style, where the arguments mad e by the parties would be highlighted, along with the judgment of this case. Factual Background Peter James Shafron had been associated with James Hardie Industries Limited (JL) as a company secretary and general counsel since the period of August 1998. However, he was not appointed on the post of company secretary in a formal manner till the period of November 1998. In 1999, the joint company secretary for JL was brought on roll and this was Donald Cameron. During the middle of February 2011, a meeting of the board of the company was held for discussing and considering on the proposal which separated the company, specifically the two of the group companies, and this was done in the backdrop of the liability being faced by the company due to the asbestos issue (Boyce and Macinnis, 2012). Issue The key issue of this case was related to the breach of duties of an officer by Shafron on the two key claims of ASIC regarding the ASX matter and in the actuarial issue. Rule The Corporations Act, 2001 is a key piece of legislation in Australia which provides the duties for the officers of the company and also gives them certain responsibilities, which need to be followed in a strict manner (Armstrong Lawyers, 2007). A contravention of these duties not only results in civil but criminal liabilities as well. Part 2D.1 of this act has the first section which deals with the duty of the officer to act in a diligent and a careful manner (WIPO, 2015). Section 180(1) of this act provides that the officers of the company have to use their powers and discharge their duties in a manner where care and diligence is shown, in such a manner which would be considered as reasonable by a person holding such position and was faced with similar situation as the one faced by the officer in question (ICNL, 2017). A contravention of this section results in civil liabilities being attracted which are covered under section 1317E of this act (Federal Register of Legislation, 2017). Through this section, the court gets the declaration making power whereby it makes a declaration of contravention against the violators of different sections including section 180(1) (Cassidy, 2006). Upon this declaration being made by the court, the ASIC attains the power of making an application for a disqualification order to be passed against the officer based on section 206C, in addition to making an application under section 1317G for pecuniary penalties against the violator. This declaration of contravention covers the reasons for which the breach had been construed to have been made (Baxt, 2007). Analysis (including legal arguments) The case revolved around the allegations made by the ASIC where they deemed Shafron as the officer of the company, as a result of which, the duties stated under section 180(1) of the Corporations Act became applicable on him. The base of this claim was the incompetence of Shafron where he did not give the proper advice to the chief executive of JL or to the board of the company regarding the additional information in the matter of separation proposal, which as per the requirements of the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX), had to be disclosed. Apart from this, Shafron was also claimed to have failed in his duties as an officer for not providing the JLs board the reasonable advice on the matter of the actuarial reports, on which reliance had been placed by the board while deciding on the separation proposal in which there was a lack of the superimposed inflation. The claim regarding this particular violation was based on the requirement of reasonableness in which a reasonable person would prepare a report which would have shown the truth in place of depicting superimposed inflation. The superimposed inflation depicted that the claim costs had been born on yearly rates, which was higher than the rate of inflation. Thus, there had been a clear violation of the duties of office by Shafron in ASX matter and in the actuarial issue (Kemp Strang Lawyers, 2012). It was contended by Shafron that the applicability of section 180(1) had to be restricted to his functions as a company secretary. He further stated that the violations which had been alleged against him were that of a general counsel and not that of an officer of the company (Jacobson, 2012). He also argued that he had to be put in same light as David as his functions were strictly administrative. He also stated that he had never participated in the decision making of the company, let alone in the separation proposal. And so, he claimed that in both the claimed instances, he had not contravened any duty (Czoch and Whalebelly, 2012). He also contended that he had placed reliance on external lawyers of JL regarding the additional disclosure requirements in context of ASX issue. As the decision was given against him by the NSW Court of Appeal, he made an appeal in the High Court of Australia (High Court of Australia, 2012). Conclusion (judgment and role of court) Even though the parties did not claim on the satisfaction of section 9 of this act for holding Shafron as the JLs company secretary, the same was still analysed by the NSW Court of Appeal. The wordings of section 9 were analysed for this purpose where it was shown that an individual had to be deemed as an officer of the company only when the person holds a senior post in the company, which is just below the level of the board. An individual participating in the decision making of the company would be deemed as an officer of the company for the purpose of section 9 (Austlii, 2017). Two grounds were held for holding Shafron as an officer of the company (Hunt, 2012). The first one was related to his position as a company secretary of JL; and second was due to his participating in the decision-making of JL in a substantial way (Scott, 2012). For showing that there had been a contravention by Shafron, there was a need to analyse the possibility of the role of Shafron to be divided for having the capacity of impacting the results. In this regard, there was a need to analyse the wording of section 180(1) of this act where it was covered that the actual responsibility of the actual company officer had to be analysed. For this, reference was made to the general counsel of JL. Hence, the reference was not solely based on him being a company secretary but him being the office of JL (Boyce and Macinnis, 2012). The Court of Appeal had held that there had indeed been a contravention of the quoted section by Shafron and this was in both the matters, i.e., the ASX and the actuarial matter. This was because Shafron had alaw background and owing to his qualifications of being a company secretary, he was required to raise these matters before the board of JL. He was also closely linked in the modelling of cash flow which was based on actuarial report which made it his responsibility for brining the issue to the notice of the board as he was the company secretary, and also to inform that about the limitation covered under the modelling of cash flow. These contraventions were deemed as ample by the Court of Appeal which led them to believe that Shafron owed a duty of care in both the issues as JLs company secretary and that he same had been breached. This decision was appealed against by Shafron in High Court, which upheld the decision of the Court of Appeal For showing that there had been a contra vention by Shafron, there was a need to analyse the possibility of the role of Shafron to be divided for having the capacity of impacting the results. In this regard, there was a need to analyse the wording of section 180(1) of this act where it was covered that the actual responsibility of the actual company officer had to be analysed. For this, reference was made to the general counsel of JL. Hence, the reference was not solely based on him being a company secretary but him being the office of JL (Boyce and Macinnis, 2012). When the matter reached the High Court, they held that the majority of the bench was of the view that Shafron did indulge in some functions which were that of company secretary and in other instances as a general counsel. In the opinion of Justice Heydon, the two roles played by Shafron could not be bifurcated and it could not be shown that he could do some things as general counsel and some things as a company secretary. The severance of the functions could not be established between Shafron and David and it also could not be shown that Shafron had the same administrative functions as that of David (Boyce and Macinnis, 2012). The court also took into consideration the decision making of Shafron as he was participated in the decision making process of the company. He was at a senior level which was amongst the top levels of the company. This separation proposal being conducted by the board had a major role of Shafron as he was the one who formed the proposal. So, his actions made it apparent that he was participating in the decision making of the company. Hence, a duty of care was owed by him towards JL in the view of the High Court (Boyce and Macinnis, 2012). The court thus rejected all of the objections and allegations made by Shafron and came to the conclusion that there had indeed been a contravention of section 180(1) of the Corporations Act, as was provided by the NSW Court of Appeal. The High Court rejected his claim of reliance on external lawyers as they were not extended to the matter at hand in either express or implied manner. The lack of requisite knowledge about the superimposed inflation was also rejected by the High Court. The reason for quashing this contention was based on the clear knowledge which Shafron held regarding the cost claims and these were shown to be rising at a faster pace in comparison to the rates of inflation, which showed that he held the requisite knowledge. The failure of Shafron in upholding his duties thus impacted the actuarial issues, where he had to bring forth this matter before the board of JL, which Shafron failed to do (Boyce and Macinnis, 2012). The verdict of the High Court shows the need of the directors and officers of the companies in Australia to follow the provisions of the Corporations Act and to follow these strictly. The case also showed an example of the hierarchy structure of the judiciary in the nation, where the matters are first refereed to lower courts and then to the highest court in hierarchy to decide on the matter at hand. References Armstrong Lawyers. (2007) Directors Duties. [Online] Armstrong Lawyers. Available from: https://www.vcta.asn.au/documents/item/400 [Accessed on: 24/11/2017] Austlii. (2017) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] Austlii. Available from: www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ca2001172/ [Accessed on: 24/11/2017] Baxt, R. (2007) Duties and Responsibilities of Directors and Officers. 19th ed. Sydney, New South Wales, Australia: The Australian Institute of Company Directors. Boyce, L., and Macinnis, A. (2012) Shafron v ASIC - general counsel, or counsel of perfection?. [Online] Dibbs Barker. Available from: https://www.dibbsbarker.com/publication/Shafron_v_ASIC_-_general_counsel__or_counsel_of_perfection.aspx [Accessed on: 24/11/2017] Cassidy, J. (2006) Concise Corporations Law. 5th ed. New South Wales, Australia: The Federation Press. Czoch, K., and Whalebelly, R. (2012) Australia: The James Hardie Decisions: ASIC v Hellicar Ors [2012] HCA17; Shafron v ASIC [2012] HCA 18. [Online] Mondaq. Available from: https://www.mondaq.com/australia/x/176336/Directors+Officers+Executives+Shareholders/The+James+Hardie+Decisions+ASIC+v+Hellicar+Ors+2012+HCA17+Shafron+v+ASIC+2012+HCA+18 [Accessed on: 24/11/2017] Federal Register of Legislation. (2017) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] Federal Register of Legislation. Available from: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2013C00605 [Accessed on: 24/11/2017] High Court of Australia. (2012) Peter James Shafron v Australian Securities and Investments Commission. [Online] High Court of Australia. Available from: https://www.hcourt.gov.au/assets/publications/judgment-summaries/2012/hcasum18_Shafron_v_ASIC.pdf [Accessed on: 24/11/2017] ICNL. (2017) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] ICNL. Available from: https://www.icnl.org/research/library/files/Australia/Corps2001Vol4WD02.pdf [Accessed on: 24/11/2017] Jacobson, D. (2012) ASIC v Shafron: Liability Of Company Secretary (James Hardie). [Online] Bright Law. Available from: https://www.brightlaw.com.au/asic-v-shafron-liability-of-company-secretary-james-hardie/ [Accessed on: 24/11/2017] Kemp Strang Lawyers. (2012) James Hardie decisions - implications for general counsel and company secretaries. [Online] Kemp Strang Lawyers. Available from: https://www.kempstrang.com.au/publication/james-hardie-decisions-implications-general-counsel-and-company-secretaries [Accessed on: 24/11/2017] Paolini, A. (2014) Research Handbook on Directors Duties. Northampton, Massachusetts, United States: Edward Elgar. Scott, P.D. (2012) Shafron v Australian Securities and Investments Commission. University of Tasmania Law Review, 31(2). WIPO. (2015) Corporations Act 2001. [Online] WIPO. Available from: https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text.jsp?file_id=370817 [Accessed on: 24/11/2017]